By Patience Chat Moses
The global maritime sector is undergoing a great technological revolution, driven by the imperatives of efficiency, safety, sustainability, and transparency.
Innovations ranging from automation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to advanced connectivity are redefining how goods are transported and managed globally. However, despite its strategic coastal location and significant maritime trade, Nigeria seems to be behind this transformative wave, struggling with challenges that obstruct its full participation.
Speaking of advanced maritime innovations, significant strides can be seen in automated navigation systems, remote-controlled cranes, and robotics. With Internet of Things (IoT) & Big Data Analytics, sensors are placed on vessels and in ports to collect vast real-time data on fuel, engine performance, weather, and cargo. This data, analysed through big data and predictive analytics, optimises routes, enables predictive maintenance, reduces downtime, and improves fuel efficiency.
AI powers predictive congestion management in ports, anticipates maintenance needs, and provides dynamic Estimated Time of Arrivals (ETAs), revolutionising safety and decision-making. Blockchain Technology is currently explored for enhanced supply chain transparency, security, and efficiency. Ports worldwide are becoming digitalised hubs utilising automated guided vehicles (AGVs), remote-controlled cranes, intelligent cargo tracking, and predictive maintenance. This simplifies processes, boosts productivity, and shortens turnaround times. Digital twins enable real-time visualisation and predictive management. Enhanced Connectivity: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite connectivity and 5G are enabling real-time ship-to-shore operations and remote navigation, set to become standard across fleets by 2027.
Global Trailblazers in Advanced Maritime Innovations.
Often cited as the world’s leading maritime city, Singapore is deeply committed to digital transformation. Its ambitious Tuas Port, designed to be the world’s largest fully automated container port, integrates AI, data analytics, and robotics for optimised logistics and efficiency, including digital twin technology. The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) uses the Just-In-Time (JIT) services via digitalPort@SG to optimise vessel scheduling and reduce idling.
Also, the Netherlands is Europe’s largest port, Rotterdam, which currently stands as a leader in digital innovation. It has created a sophisticated digital twin – a virtual replica of the entire port that integrates real-time data for simulation and optimisation. The port utilises a vast network of IoT sensors for dynamic data collection and real-time analysis.
China’s Yangshan Deep Water Port and Tianjin Port, which is the world’s first intelligent zero-carbon terminal, integrating 5G, AI, and autonomous driving, cannot be left out.
While the global maritime industry rapidly advances, Nigeria’s progress has been comparatively slow and fragmented. Many processes in Nigerian ports and agencies remain heavily reliant on manual, paper-based systems, leading to persistent delays in cargo clearance and port operations. While some agencies have introduced isolated ICT applications, comprehensive, integrated systems are largely absent. However, there are increasing concerted efforts and some key steps being taken towards digitalisation.
Efforts are ongoing to implement a Port Community System (PCS) in collaboration with the IMO, envisioned as the backbone for a broader National Single Window (NSW). This NSW project, targeted for completion by Q1 2026, aims to drastically reduce import/export clearance times, enhance transparency, and curb delays.
Foundational digital systems, including the Oracle Enterprise Business Suite for internal planning and the Revenue and Invoice Management System (RIMS) to streamline billing. They’ve also introduced a Customer Portal/electronic Ship Entry Notice (eSEN)/Manifest Upload for online document submission and reduced human interaction.
The NCS has embarked on a comprehensive Trade Modernization Project (TMP), a 20-year concession to automate all business processes. This project seeks to simplify import/export clearances and duty payments, deploying non-intrusive inspection scanners to facilitate trade and security, and integrating Geospatial technology for surveillance.
Despite these steps, significant hurdles persist. Inadequate infrastructure, including stable power supply and reliable internet, undermines digital ecosystem development. A substantial digital literacy and skill gap exists among the maritime workforce, requiring massive investment in training. Cybersecurity concerns grow with increasing digitalisation, demanding robust protective measures. The high cost of technology adoption remains prohibitive for many Nigerian businesses.
Nigeria’s maritime sector holds immense potential. However, fully embracing the technological revolution, with sustained investment and a genuine commitment to reform, is crucial for it to move from a slow sail to a dynamic, competitive voyage on the global digital seas.